Gutondekanya no Gushyira mu bikorwa Hydroxide ya Aluminium

Hydroxide ya aluminium (formulaire ya chimique: Al (OH) ₃) ni uruganda rudasanzwe rusanzwe rugaragara nkifu yera cyangwa ikomeye ya amorphous. Bitewe nimiterere yihariye yimiti niyumubiri, hydroxide ya aluminium ifite akamaro gakomeye mubice byinshi byinganda. Hydroxide ya aluminium irashobora gushyirwa mubwoko butandukanye hashingiwe kuburyo bwateguwe, imiterere ya kristu, hamwe no kuyishyira mu bikorwa, buri kimwe kigira uruhare runini mubice byihariye.

 

1. Gutondekanya muburyo bwa Crystal
1.1 Urubuga

Gibbsite nuburyo busanzwe bwa kristaline ya hydroxide ya aluminium, ikaba ari sisitemu ya monoclinic kandi ikunze kuboneka mumabuye y'agaciro. Imiterere ya kirisiti irahagaze, kandi iyo ibora ryubushyuhe, itanga cyane cyane - Al₂O₃ (- alumina). Irakoreshwa cyane mubisubiramo, inkunga ya catalizator, nibindi bice.

 

1.2 Boehmite

Boehmite (formulaire ya chimique: - AlO (OH) ₃ cyangwa AlOOH) ni okiside ya hydrous aluminium, ariko kubera isano ya hafi na hydroxide ya aluminium, ikunze kuganirwaho mubyiciro bimwe. Nibya sisitemu ya orthorhombic kandi ifite ubushyuhe buhanitse. Bikunze gukoreshwa mugukora - Al₂O₃ (corundum), ifite agaciro gakomeye mubikorwa byububumbyi bwa elegitoroniki.

 

1.3 Bayerite

Bayerite (formulaire ya chimique: - Al (OH) ₃) nubundi buryo busanzwe bwa aluminium hydroxide kristal, ikaba sisitemu ya monoclinic sisitemu. Ubusanzwe ikurwa muri bauxite ikoresheje inzira ya Bayer kandi ikoreshwa mugutanga umusaruro mwinshi - ubuziranenge bwa alumina ikwiranye nubutaka bwihariye nubukorikori bwibikoresho.

 

2. Gutondekanya muburyo bwo kwitegura
2.1 Imvura igwa Aluminium Hydroxide

Hydroxide ya aluminium ikorwa nigisubizo cyumunyu wa aluminium (nka aluminium sulfate na aluminium chloride) hamwe na alkalis (nka sodium hydroxide na amoniya yo mu mazi) ubusanzwe ifite ubuziranenge bwinshi no gukwirakwiza ingano imwe. Ubu bwoko bwa hydroxide ya aluminium ikoreshwa cyane muri retardants, kuzuza, na farumasi.

 

2.2 Inzira ya Bayer Hydroxide ya Aluminium

Inzira ya Bayer nuburyo bwibanze bwinganda zo gukuramo aluminium oxyde muri bauxite, hamwe na hydroxide ya aluminium nkibicuruzwa. Ubu bwoko bwa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ifite isuku nyinshi kandi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora alumina yo mu cyiciro cya -, hanyuma igakoreshwa mu nganda zashonga za aluminium.

 

2.3 Hydrothermal Synthesis ya Aluminium Hydroxide

Aluminium hydroxide ikorwa binyuze mumazi ya hydrothermal yerekana morphologie idasanzwe ya kirisiti kandi ikwirakwizwa neza, bigatuma ikwiranye nibikoresho byanyuma - ibikoresho byanyuma nka nanocomposite hamwe nububiko bwihariye.

 

3. Gutondekanya kubisabwa
3.1 Hydroxide ya Aluminium kubirinda umuriro

Hydroxide ya aluminium ikurura ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ikarekura imyuka y'amazi iyo ibora. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa cyane nkibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije kuri polymers nka plastiki na reberi. Uburozi bwabwo buke butuma bwongerwaho ibyifuzo nka wire na kabili nibikoresho byubaka.

 

3.2 Imiti ya Aluminium Hydroxide

Imiti - urwego rwa aluminium hydroxide (nka aluminium hydroxide gel) itesha aside gastricike kandi ikunze gukoreshwa mu kuvura ibisebe byo mu gifu na hyperacidity. Ifite imiti ihamye kandi ifite umutekano muke kumubiri wumuntu.

 

3.3 Hydroxide ya Aluminium yuzuza inganda

Mu nganda za rubber, plastike, nimpapuro, hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa nkuzuza kugirango ibikoresho bigerweho, kwambara nabi, no guhagarara neza.

 

3.4 Hydroxide ya aluminium

Hejuru - isukuye ya aluminium hydroxide irashobora guhindurwa muri alumina nyuma yo kubara, ikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru - ibikoresho byo kugabanya ubushyuhe nk’imisaraba hamwe n’itanura, bikwiranye n’inganda za metallurgie na chimique.

 

4. Umwanzuro

Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu irashobora gushyirwa muburyo butandukanye, harimo nuburyo bwa kirisiti (nka bayerite, boehmite, na Bayerite), uburyo bwo gutegura (nk'imvura igwa imiti, inzira ya Bayer, hamwe na hydrothermal synthesis), hamwe no kuyikoresha (nka retardants flame, farumasi, yuzuza, hamwe na reta). Ubwoko butandukanye bwa hydroxide ya aluminium, kubera imiterere yihariye yumubiri na chimique, bigira uruhare rudasubirwaho aho bakorera. Hamwe niterambere ryibikoresho bya siyansi no gukomeza gutera imbere kwa tekinoroji ya hydroxide ya aluminium, ibyifuzo byayo mu nganda z’ikoranabuhanga - bizaguka kurushaho mu gihe kiri imbere.